Cooking-stove



R. M. HERMANCE.

Cooking StoveIv Patented Nov. 23, 1858.

'UNTTED sTATns PATENT orrion RICHARD M. I-IERMANCE, OF STILIYATER, NFV YORK.

COOKING-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 22,121, dated November 23, 1858.

To all 107mm t may concern.

Be it known that I, RICHARD M. HER- MANCE, of Stillwater, in the county of Saratoga and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cooking- Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction, operation, and distinguishing features of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of my improved stove,some parts being broken away to show the arrangement of the flues; F ig. 2, a plan of the same, the top-plate being removed; Fig. 3 a horizontal section at, and plan of the parts below the line z jz/ in Fig. 4,--a part of the bottom plate of the oven being broken out; and Fig. 4L a vertical transverse section, at, and elevation of the parts back of the line ai fw in Figs. 2 and 3,- the back plate of the oven being mostly broken away.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures; and the arrows indicate the courses of the gases of combustion through the stove.

My improvement relates to the arrangement of the flues which conduct the gases of combustion from the hre-box, A, about the oven, B, to the exit or smoke-pipe, C, in such stoves only as have the fire-box located at the front end of the upper part of the stove, the oven placed under and back of the fire-box, and the exit pipe at the back end of the top of the stove, substantially as represented .in the annexed drawings.

In my improved stove the gases of combustion pass from the fire-box A into the chamber D over the oven, and then wholly or mostly down the flues E E which are arranged upon the sides of the stove back of the fire-box and in front of the side-doors, F, F, of the after part of the oven; then through suitable flues first under the forward part and afterward under the back portion of the oven, and finally up the back end of the oven into the exit pipe C.

From the bottom of the descending flues, E, E, the gases of combustion may, as shown in the drawings, wholly, or mostly, first pass along the sides of the oven-bottom, G, to its front end, through the flues, H, I-I, which are between the vertical flue-strips I I and the side-plates J J of the stove; thence back under the middle of the forward part of the oven through the fiue K which is between the two flue-strips I, I; and in a broad sheet under the after portion of the oven bottom through `he space L which extends from one side J to the other J of the stove; and then finally up the back end of the oven through the flue M .into the exit pipe C.

N, N are openings so arranged in the iiuestrips I I as to allow a small portion of the gases of combustion to pass from the bottom ends of the descending side-fines, E, E, directly back into, so as to increase the heat of, those parts of the broad flue-space L which are at the sides 'of the main current from the flue K to the flue M. The strips I, I, may well be of a curved form as indicated by the red lines at fu, o, in Fig. 3.

P P are vertical flues or passages arranged at the back corners of the stove with their lower ends open to the flue-space L, and with apertures Q Q at their upper ends into the flue-space I); so as to allow a small portion of the intensely heated gases of combustion in the chamberI D to pass directly down through the flues P P into the fluespace L and thereby increase the heat of the back corners of the oven. O is a damper, which, when open, allows a direct draft from the chamber I) into the exit-pipe C. But my improvement or invent-ion is not limited to the use of the described arrangement of the flues I-I, H, K, L and M; much less to the employment of the auxiliary openings N, N, Q, Q and flues, P, P. For other arrangements of fines for conducting the gases of combustion from the lower ends of the flues E E first under the front, and then under the back portion of the oven, and finally up its back end so as to heat those parts properly may be used; and will readily occur to any person skilled in the construction of the various kinds of cooking stoves in use.

I arrange the descendingflues E E at the sides of the stove as described, in connection with the fire-box A and chamber I) arranged as shown and the described or any equivalent arrangement of main flues under and back of the oven to the exit pipe, for the purpose of securing more heat at the front end of the oven, so that the oven may be extended farther under the hearth, S, than could be the case if the gases descended, as most usual, at the back end of the oven; also, to heat, at the same time, the sides of the oven Where the doors thereof usually meet together; and, in order that the heat taken from the gases in their descent shall be radiated into the apartment in Which the stove is used, from the sides of the stove, where there is generally a large body of air opposite which is required to be warmed, and Where persons when cold can freely approach and conveniently warm themselves; instead of from the front end of the stove Where the hearth projects and the fireboX intervenes, or from the back end of the stove which is almost invariably set back opposite to the chimney-place or wall of the room which is not required to be especially warmed, and which, with the smoke-pipe, generally prevents persons from standing or sitting back of the stove.

T T are flue-strips in the chamber D which reach vertically from the top-plate U of the oven to the top-plate V of the stove, and extend inward and backward from those parts lV, V, of the sides of the stove which are between the upper ends of the iues E, E, and the ends of the fire-box A, to near the middle of the front edges or thereabouts of the back pot-holes, R, R, so as to make the lues X and Y, Y', through which, the gases of combustion must pass, in going from the reboX, A, into the flues E E, substantially as shown by the annexed drawings. I thus arrange the flue-strips T T to give support to the top-plate, V, where it L is intensely heated; and to draw the flame away from the ends of the lire-box A, and thereby lessen the liability of the top-plate, (V,) to break at those places from unequal expansion occasioned by the edges c c being A strongly heated and the opposite ones, Z Z,.

being in the open air-the plate V being or cast-iron, like the others of the stove.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my improved cooking stove, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The arrangement ot' the flue-strips, T, T, in the chamber D in combination with the lire-box, A, descending lines, E, E, upon the sides of the stove and oven, flues under and back of the oven, and exit pipe, C, arranged and operating together substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

RICHARD M. HERMAN CE. lVitnesses Trios. D. PETERS, PETER P. POWERS, Cl-nxs. B. Damn. 

